#justice

• Adli — A legal and philosophical term of Arabic origin referring to the concept of justice, absolute equity, and legal fairness in accordance with Sharia. In historical administrative systems of the Middle East, it qualified courts, decrees, or officials designated to ensure impartiality and the rigorous application of law in society.
• Small-time lawyer — Diminutive of the archaic term 'advocat', used familiarly to describe a young lawyer starting his career, or pejoratively to designate an untrained lawyer lacking prestige who handles petty cases. In 19th-century satirical literature, it framed the archetype of the small, loud judicial clerk.
• Law trade (archaic) — The profession or practice of a lawyer; legal assistance, often used in an ironic or pejorative sense to describe tedious pleading, unnecessary technicalities, or sophisticated arguments designed to obscure the truth. Structurally, it is a hybrid combining a Latin root with an Ottoman abstract suffix.
• Law practice (old) — An archaic variant of the modern word 'avocatură' (law practice), designating the profession of a lawyer, the Bar association, or the activity of legal assistance and representation. Found in 19th-century official acts, it reflects an intermediate stage of adopting Western structural terminology.
• Aequo — A term derived from Latin, frequently used in the legal and philosophical phrase 'ex aequo et bono' (according to equity and goodness), designating the settlement of an international or civil dispute based on principles of absolute justice, moral sense, and good faith, looking beyond the rigid letter of written law. Its root also indicates a state of full structural equality.
• To pardon — To grant an individual pardon to a definitively convicted person, totally or partially exempting them from serving a judicially imposed sentence, or commuting it to a lighter penalty through an act of clemency issued by the head of state. This legal act removes only the execution of the punishment, while the underlying conviction and criminal record remain intact.
• Amnestied — Having benefited from an amnesty; a person officially cleared of punishment or criminal liability following a collective act of clemency issued by the supreme legislative body. As a participle or adjective, it describes an offense, a conviction, or a historical guilt that has been definitively erased from the criminal record, structurally removing all its punitive effects.
• Amnesty International — A prestigious global non-governmental organization, founded in 1961 in the United Kingdom, dedicated to the defense and promotion of human rights worldwide. Its structure operates for the release of prisoners of conscience, the abolition of the death penalty, combating torture, and protecting human dignity, monitoring governmental abuses and publishing annual reports on the state of civil liberties.
• Amnestiable — Fulfilling the legal conditions to benefit from an amnesty; a person, act, or sentence that falls within the criteria established by a clemency law adopted by Parliament. In a procedural context, it describes criminal elements susceptible to being annulled or erased through the direct effect of amnesty.
• Granting of amnesty — The act of amnestying and its result; the institutional, legislative, and administrative process through which the state officially grants clemency to offenders, voiding criminal liability for specific offenses. Unlike a pardon, amnistiare has a broader collective impact, removing even the historical incrimination of the committed act.
• Granting of amnesty — The act of amnestying and its result; the institutional, legislative, and administrative process through which the state officially grants clemency to offenders, voiding criminal liability for specific offenses. Unlike a pardon, amnistiare has a broader collective impact, removing even the historical incrimination of the committed act.
• Anti-racism — A doctrine, attitude, or social and political movement that opposes racism, combating any form of discrimination, prejudice, or segregation based on race or ethnicity. This ideological current actively promotes full equal rights for all human beings, social inclusion, and the dismantling of institutional or cultural structures that perpetuate racial inequities.
• Anti-racist — Opposing racism or fighting against it; an advocate of anti-racism. As an adjective, it describes measures, discourses, laws, organizations, or civic movements designed to combat racial discrimination and segregation. As a noun, it denotes a person who takes an active stance, theoretically or practically, against supremacist ideologies, campaigning for the equality of all ethnic groups.
• Anti-racist — The feminine form of antirasist; a woman campaigning against racism, or an orientation, action, or measure of an inclusive nature that opposes discrimination and segregation based on ethnic or racial criteria. The term describes an active civic stance aimed at deconstructing stereotypes and guaranteeing equal opportunities for all human groups within social and institutional structures.
• Anti-segregationist — Opposed to segregation, particularly racial, ethnic, or social segregation; a person, movement, or legislative framework campaigning for the full integration, equal rights, and harmonious cohabitation of different human groups in public spaces, schools, and institutions. The term characterizes inclusive policies from the second half of the 20th century that dismantled discriminatory barriers and apartheid.
• Antigypsyist — The feminine form of the adjective or noun antițigănist; relating to the assembly of manifestations, archaic laws, mentalities, or actions based on ethnic intolerance (e.g., antigypsyist propaganda, antigypsyist mentality) or a female who discriminates against people of Romani origin.
• Appellant — The feminine form of appellant; a woman or a legal entity with feminine gender status that files and exercises an appeal against an unfavorable court decision. In communication networks, it defines the female person, station, or entity that initiates a transmission, data session, or current telephone connection.
• To arrest — To arrest or officially detain a suspect, by order of a local or administrative authority; to sequester goods or merchandise within rural legal disputes. The term represents an archaic and regional phonetic variant found in old Transylvanian documents, being a local adaptation of the modern verb.
• Arrest — A deprivation of liberty measure ordered by a judicial authority for a determined period, consisting of the detention or incarceration of a person suspected or convicted of an offense. In an institutional structural sense, it denotes the specially designed place (penitentiary, detention cell) where these persons are held, while in modern legislation it is found under various preventive procedural forms (such as preventive detention or house arrest).
• To arrest — To legally deprive a person of liberty through apprehension or incarceration, based on a warrant or an order issued by a competent judicial authority. In a structural procedural sense, the action marks the transition of a suspect from a state of liberty to a regime of pretrial detention or sentence execution, governed by strict criminal law rules designed to guarantee fundamental rights protection.