#textila

• Steaming — The act of steaming or fogging and its result; the physical or technological process of treating, moistening, or heating a body or a fabric using vapor. In a meteorological or domestic sense, it represents the gradual accumulation of condensation on cold surfaces, leading to decreased visibility or altered environmental humidity within an enclosed space.
• Damask — A fine, heavy, and high-quality fabric, traditionally made of silk, wool, linen, or cotton, characterized by complex decorative geometric or floral patterns achieved by alternating matte and glossy surfaces. This luxury textile has its historical origins in the Middle East and is predominantly used for making upholstery, elegant draperies, or ceremonial table linens.
• Archaic fabric form — A rare, archaic, or regionally distorted form used in the past in certain provincial dialects to describe a textile object, a thick canvas, or a rigid cotton fabric; it can also appear as a phonetically altered variant for oriental geographic or ethnic terms in old commercial charters.
• Bleacher — A worker specialized in bleaching clothes, textile fabrics, or cellulose in industrial or traditional crafting processes. As an adjective, it refers to a substance, chemical compound, or apparatus that produces whitening or bleaching.
• Bleachery — A section, workshop, or industrial facility within a textile or paper factory, specialized in the chemical bleaching and cleaning of yarns, raw fabrics, or cellulose pulp.
• Alkali cellulose — An intermediate product obtained in the chemical industry by treating cellulose with a concentrated solution of sodium hydroxide (caustic soda). This compound plays an essential structural role in the manufacture of viscose, rayon, and cellophane, facilitating the subsequent chemical reactivity of fibers by altering the macromolecular molecular arrangement.
• Alizari — A rare technical or commercial term used to designate the root of the Rubia tinctorum plant (madder), from which a natural red pigment is extracted, or the historical name given to the coloring substance obtained directly from this plant before the advent of synthetic variations.
• Amet — An archaic or regional name attributed to a type of old fabric or a textile thread used in the past in craft workshops for decorating traditional folk clothing. Additionally, in isolated lexicographical studies, it may represent a truncated variant or an erroneous transcription of technical or botanical terms (such as 'ament'), lacking active circulation in standard contemporary Romanian.
• Amfion — An archaic, regional name or obsolete lexicographical variant for a type of textile material or cotton thread used in the past in traditional weaving workshops; also, in some old glossaries, it appears as a deformed transcription of botanical terms or oriental commercial jargon, lacking a standardized circulation in modern Romanian.
• Starch — To treat a fabric, a piece of clothing, or a textile material with an aqueous solution of starch, with the structural purpose of giving it stiffness, a smooth appearance, gloss, and an increased resistance to wrinkling and soiling during use. This technical or domestic process also facilitates the ironing of materials and protects the textile fibers by creating a microscopic protective film on their surface.
• Starching — The act of starching and its result; a technological process of finishing textile materials by impregnating them with a starch paste or suspension, followed by drying and calendering. This structural operation improves the physical-mechanical properties of the fabrics, increasing their apparent density, resistance to frictional wear, and their ability to repel dust particles suspended in the air.
• Thread guide — A neologistic term of Anglo-Saxon origin (regional phonetic adaptation of 'empruor' or similar) rarely used in industrial textile design to describe a specific type of structural reinforcement, a pronounced texture finish applied to fabric edges, or a mechanical thread guiding device on high-speed sewing machines.
• Gripping loops — A regional or archaic term used in certain rural areas to designate the handles, loops, or structural gripping elements of household items (baskets, clay pots, sacks) or narrow strips of cloth used for tying or consolidating the edges of traditional clothing items.
• Archaic span — An archaic term used in the past in certain regions to designate an old regional unit of measurement for length, equivalent to a palm, a span, or a fraction of a fathom; in a traditional textile sense, it can also describe a skein or a specific way of binding wool or cotton threads.
• Antichlor — A chemical substance (such as sodium thiosulfate or sodium bisulfite) or technical coating utilized in the textile and paper industries to neutralize and remove excess chlorine remaining in fibers after the bleaching process. This structural treatment prevents subsequent chemical degradation of materials and their yellowing over time.
• Entrelac — A special manual or textile knitting technique that creates a geometric texture with a basketweave appearance, consisting of interconnected squares or rectangles oriented in opposite directions. This type of structural pattern provides the finished fabric with unique elasticity, enhanced density, and a complex three-dimensional visual effect, frequently used for multicolored blankets, sweaters, or scarves.
• Sizing agent — A chemical substance or macromolecular colloidal preparation (based on starch, gelatin, synthetic resins, or cellulose derivatives) used in the industrial or household finishing of fabrics; it also defines the protective film resulting from applying this substance, serving to provide textile materials with structural stiffness, luster, smoothness, and resistance to dirt or wrinkling.
• Starch — To subject a textile material, fabric, or shirt collar to the finishing process by applying a layer of sizing agent or starch. This technical or household procedure aims to smooth the surface, temporarily stiffen the structural fibers, and impart a distinct aesthetic luster, while increasing resistance to wrinkling and dirt.
• Textile finishing — The totality of chemical or mechanical technological operations executed in the final stage of textile production to provide fabrics with the desired commercial appearance, enhanced durability, and superior tactile qualities. This structural process includes sizing, calendering, shearing, or applying waterproofing treatments.
• Fabric sizing — The act of starching and its result; a technical, industrial, or household process through which a fabric or a clothing item is treated with a sizing agent or starch. This structural finishing operation provides textile fibers with a controlled stiffness, a distinct aesthetic luster, and enhanced protection against wrinkling, while facilitating the subsequent ironing process.