#equity

• Shareholder — A physical or legal person who owns one or more shares in the share capital of a joint-stock company, holding the status of co-owner. This structural capacity grants them the right to vote in the general assembly, participate in strategic management, and receive a share of the profit in the form of dividends.
• Female shareholder — A woman or a legal entity (assimilated to the feminine gender as a corporation or society) that owns one or more shares in the capital of a joint-stock company. This legal and structural status grants her the right to participate in general meetings, cast votes proportional to her holdings, and collect dividends from the realized profit.
• Shareholders — The total body of shareholders holding the share capital of a company, or the specific structure of share distribution within a commercial enterprise. This term defines the collective group of natural or legal persons with voting rights and the right to receive dividends, while also reflecting the balance of power, strategic control, and corporate governance within an economic entity.
• Action — The carrying out of an activity with a specific purpose, an act performed by a being or a mechanism; a negotiable security representing a portion of the share capital of a joint-stock company; also, in physics, it represents a fundamental dynamic quantity, and in law, the legal means to defend a right in court. This versatile concept governs the dynamics of movement, the structure of capital markets, and the exercise of civil rights.
• Adli — A legal and philosophical term of Arabic origin referring to the concept of justice, absolute equity, and legal fairness in accordance with Sharia. In historical administrative systems of the Middle East, it qualified courts, decrees, or officials designated to ensure impartiality and the rigorous application of law in society.
• Aequo — A term derived from Latin, frequently used in the legal and philosophical phrase 'ex aequo et bono' (according to equity and goodness), designating the settlement of an international or civil dispute based on principles of absolute justice, moral sense, and good faith, looking beyond the rigid letter of written law. Its root also indicates a state of full structural equality.