#chord

• Lancelet — A small (a few centimeters), primitive marine vertebrate with a translucent, elongated body pointed at both ends, belonging to the phylum Cephalochordata. This structural organism represents an essential evolutionary transition link, as it retains the notochord, neural tube, and pharyngeal slits throughout its entire life, serving as a classic model in the study of comparative chordate anatomy.
• Amphioxus — A variant graphical form, directly borrowed from the Latin or English scientific nomenclature, for the standard Romanian noun 'amfiox'. It identifies the same small marine animal from the subphylum Cephalochordata, widely utilized in international academic literature and evolutionary biology university textbooks.
• Amphioxus — The common or historical scientific name (genus Amphioxus) used in zoology to designate the lancelet (scientifically known as Branchiostoma lanceolatum), a small, translucent, lance-shaped marine invertebrate belonging to the Chordata phylum (subphylum Cephalochordata). It represents a fundamental reference organism in the study of comparative anatomy and vertebrate evolution, as it retains a simple structural dorsal notochord throughout its entire life cycle without developing a bony vertebral column.
• Anemochord — A rare historical or musical archaic term used to designate an Aeolian harp or a stringed musical instrument structurally designed to produce harmonic sounds exclusively under the direct action of wind or air currents vibrating the stretched strings.
• Amphioxus — A small marine animal with a translucent body, pointed at both ends, lacking a skull, vertebrae, and limbs, belonging to the chordate phylum, subphylum Cephalochordata (Branchiostoma lanceolatum). Structurally, the animal possesses a permanent notochord throughout its lifespan, representing a key link in the evolutionary study of vertebrate comparative anatomy.
• Archicembalo — A historically significant keyboard instrument invented in the 16th century by the Italian theorist Nicola Vicentino, representing a highly complex and extended form of the harpsichord. Structurally built with multiple manuals and extra keys (up to 35 or 36 keys per octave), it was specifically designed to enable experimentation in microtonality, just intonation, and enharmonic ancient Greek musical systems.
• Arcicembalo — An historical keyboard musical instrument from the harpsichord family, designed in the 16th century by theorist Nicola Vicentino, structurally equipped with multiple keyboards and complex microtonal divisions (up to 31 intervals per octave). This advanced acoustic device was utilized to experiment with ancient Greek musical genres and to achieve just intonation in Renaissance polyphonic music.
• Harmonistic — Pertaining to harmony or harmonists; regarding the rules and techniques of simultaneously combining sounds or structural elements. This relational adjective describes phenomena, treatises, exercises, or compositional styles analyzed strictly through chordal organization.
• To harmonize — To bring into agreement, to blend diverse elements in a pleasant, proportionate, and balanced manner, creating a unitary and aesthetic whole. In music, to add appropriate chords or secondary voices to a given melody; in social, legal, or organizational contexts, to adapt, synchronize, or unify different laws, opinions, or systems.
• Harmonized — Being in agreement, concordance, optimal balance, or proportion; adapted or brought to a common denominator to eliminate internal contradictions. In music, it describes a melody provided with chordal accompaniment, while in legal and customs contexts, it refers to a unified system of rules.
• Arpeggiando — A musical performance directive indicating that the notes of a chord should not be played simultaneously, but successively, from lowest to highest or vice versa, mimicking the characteristic plucking technique of the harp. Unlike a structural arpeggio, this term functions as a dynamic stylistic instruction, demanding fluidity and distinct individuality for each sound component.
• Arpeggio — A musical chord whose constituent notes are played successively and distinctly, in ascending or descending order, rather than being heard simultaneously. It represents a fundamental element in instrumental technique study and the construction of melodic lines or accompaniments, frequently used in classical, jazz, rock, and electronic music to add motion and texture to the composition.
• To arpeggiate — To execute the notes of a musical chord successively and distinctly, in an ascending or descending order, instead of playing them simultaneously. This action is frequently used by pianists, guitarists, and harpists to create fluid melodic textures, fragment static harmony, or add a dynamic and dramatic effect to the performed musical pieces.
• Arpeggiation — The act of arpeggiating a chord and its result; the systematic breaking down of harmonic structures by playing the constituent notes successively in instrumental performance. It is a fundamental technique used to provide fluidity, dynamics, and relief to musical textures.
• Arpegio — An alternative or partially unadapted spelling variant of the term 'arpegiu' or 'arpeggio', designating the successive and distinct execution of a musical chord's notes in ascending or descending order. It is frequently utilized in instrumental technical manuals to describe repetitive digital training patterns on the piano or guitar.
• Arpeggio — The successive and distinct execution of a musical chord's notes in ascending or descending order, instead of playing them simultaneously; a broken chord modeled after the specific harp technique. It represents a basic structural pattern in composition, jazz, and instrumental technique study for piano, violin, or guitar, serving to fluidize the melodic line and enrich the harmonic texture.
• Arpej — A rare, simplified, or obsolete spelling variant of the term 'arpegiu', sometimes used in musicians' jargon or old score translations to describe the successive execution of chord notes. Although not the form recommended by current academic norms, it is found in certain technical glossaries dedicated to plucked string instruments.
• Arpicordo — A historical keyboard instrument with plucked strings, closely related to the spinet and the harpsichord, predominantly used within the Italian cultural sphere during the Renaissance and early Baroque periods. It was highly valued for its relatively compact size and its bright, percussive, and crystalline sound, frequently utilized for performing polyphonic salon music.