Bacteriolysis
Definition
A biochemical and immune process consisting of the destruction, dissolution, or structural disintegration of the bacterial cell wall and membrane, causing their death through the leakage of intracellular content. Physiologically, bacteriolysis is triggered by the direct action of specific enzymes, bacteriophages, or the membrane attack complex activated by the complement system in the presence of antibodies.
Bilingual Equivalents
- Bacteriolysis
- Bacterial lysis
Grammatical & Source Details
| Inflection Type | Feminine noun adjusting systematically across regular plural and case boundaries. |
| Formation | Scientific compound borrowed from French 'bactériolyse', combining 'bacterio-' with the root '-lysis'. |
| Spelling / Pronunciation | [bak.te.ri.o.ˈli.zə] |
| Source | Lexicon of Molecular Immunology and Cellular Structures |
Contextual Usage Examples
RO: Adăugarea de penicilină în mediul de cultură a indus o bacterioliză rapidă prin blocarea sintezei de peptidoglican.
EN: The addition of penicillin to the culture medium induced a rapid bacteriolysis by blocking peptidoglycan synthesis.
RO: Fenomenul de bacteriofagie se finalizează întotdeauna prin bacterioliză, eliberând sute de noi virioni în mediu.
EN: The phenomenon of bacteriophagy always concludes through bacteriolysis, releasing hundreds of new virions into the medium.
RO: Cercetătorii monitorizează această bacterioliză la microscop pentru a evalua eficiența noului ser imunitar.
EN: Researchers monitor this bacteriolysis under the microscope to evaluate the efficiency of the new immune serum.
Idioms & Phrases
Fenomen de bacterioliză / Bacteriolysis phenomenon
RO: Procesul vizibil de clarificare a unui mediu bacterian tulbure ca urmare a distrugerii masive a celulelor microbiene.
EN: The visible process of clearing a turbid bacterial medium as a result of the massive destruction of microbial cells.
Bacterioliză imună / Immune bacteriolysis
RO: Distrugerea bacteriilor mediată direct de anticorpi și fixarea sistemului complement pe suprafața patogenului.
EN: The destruction of bacteria mediated directly by antibodies and the fixation of the complement system on the pathogen's surface.
Inducere de bacterioliză / Bacteriolysis induction
RO: Declanșarea artificială sau terapeutică a degradării peretelui celular bacterian prin utilizarea de agenți litici.
EN: The artificial or therapeutic triggering of bacterial cell wall degradation through the use of lytic agents.
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