#bacterial lysis

• Bacteriophagy — A biological phenomenon consisting of the destruction, lysis, or phagocytosis of bacteria by specific viruses (bacteriophages) or by cells endowed with macrophage capacities. In a narrow sense, the process describes the dynamics of the lytic cycle in which entire bacterial populations are rapidly reduced under viral infection, playing a crucial role in the ecological regulation of microbial biomass.
• Bacteriolysis — A biochemical and immune process consisting of the destruction, dissolution, or structural disintegration of the bacterial cell wall and membrane, causing their death through the leakage of intracellular content. Physiologically, bacteriolysis is triggered by the direct action of specific enzymes, bacteriophages, or the membrane attack complex activated by the complement system in the presence of antibodies.