Adat
Definition
A term used in legal anthropology and the history of religions to designate the body of customary laws, traditional practices, and unwritten norms regulating the social, family, and administrative life of Muslim communities (especially in Southeast Asia, such as Indonesia and Malaysia). This traditional legal system often coexists structurally with Islamic law (Sharia) and modern state legislation.
Bilingual Equivalents
- Adat
- Customary law
Grammatical & Source Details
| Inflection Type | Neuter noun, treated as an uncountable loanword in comparative law descriptions. |
| Formation | Linguistic borrowing from Arabic 'ʿādah' (custom/tradition) via Malay, fully stabilized in international ethnological terminology. |
| Spelling / Pronunciation | [ˈɑː.dæt] |
| Source | The Oxford Dictionary of Islam and Comparative Law Systems |
Contextual Usage Examples
RO: În satele izolate, comunitatea rezolvă disputele funciare apelând la vechiul cod tradițional numit adat.
EN: In isolated villages, the community resolves land disputes by appealing to the old traditional code called adat.
RO: Antropologul a studiat modul în care sistemul adat reglementează ceremoniile de căsătorie din regiune.
EN: The anthropologist studied how the adat system regulates marriage ceremonies in the region.
RO: Legislația modernă recunoaște parțial validitatea normelor de tip adat pentru protejarea culturii indigene.
EN: Modern legislation partially recognizes the validity of adat-type norms to protect indigenous culture.
Idioms & Phrases
Drept de tip adat / Adat law
RO: Sistemul structural de justiție comunitară bazat pe repere morale ancestrale și deciziile bătrânilor satului.
EN: The structural system of community justice based on ancestral moral benchmarks and the decisions of village elders.
Norme adat pentru moștenire / Adat inheritance practices
RO: Reguli tradiționale nescrise care stabilesc împărțirea bunurilor în cadrul clanului, adesea diferite de legile civile.
EN: Unwritten traditional rules establishing the division of assets within the clan, often distinct from civil laws.
Conflict între Șaria și adat / Conflict between Sharia and adat
RO: Divergențe juridice și teologice apărute atunci când obiceiurile locale preislamice contrazic dogmele religioase stricte.
EN: Legal and theological divergences arising when pre-Islamic local customs contradict strict religious dogmas.
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