#fertility

• Agricultural background — The condition of an agricultural field created by the totality of previously applied agrotechnical operations (tillage, fertilization, liming, crop rotation), which determines the soil's current level of fertility, structure, and water or nutrient supply. It represents the background on which a new crop will be established, directly influencing germination success and yield level.
• Agrological — Relating to agrology or the theoretical and applied study of soils in relation to cultivated plant productivity. The term describes scientific criteria, methods, or conclusions targeting soil fertility management, organic composition optimization, and arable structure conservation according to agronomic rules.
• Agrology — A branch of agronomy and soil science that deals with the study of the structure, composition, and properties of soils in direct relation to the nutrition, development, and productivity of cultivated plants. This discipline analyzes land fertility and provides the scientific foundation for applying soil improvement, liming, and rational cultivation techniques.
• Agropedology — A branch of applied soil science and agronomy that studies the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of soils exclusively from the perspective of their capacity to sustain agricultural production. This discipline provides the scientific basis for the qualitative classification of arable lands, optimization of fertilization regimes, prevention of structural degradation, and control of soil erosion.
• Amphidiploid — A polyploid organism or cell formed through the hybridization of two different species, followed by the doubling of the chromosome set, thus containing the complete diploid sets of both parental species. As an adjective, it describes a genetically stabilized genome, plant, or agricultural crop (such as triticale) capable of normal fertile reproduction because each chromosome finds its homologue during meiosis.
• Amphidiploidy — A genetic state or a particular type of polyploidy (allopolyploidy) characterized by the presence of a complete diploid set of chromosomes derived from two different parental species following hybridization and subsequent chromosome doubling. This structural phenomenon guarantees the fertility of the hybrid, allowing normal pairing of homologous chromosomes during meiosis, and is widely used in plant genetic engineering to create new plant varieties.
• Anahita — An ancient Persian divinity of cosmic waters, fertility, healing, and wisdom, structurally venerated in Zoroastrianism and throughout the Achaemenid Empire. Fully known as Ardvi Sura Anahita (meaning 'Moist, Mighty, and Immaculate'), she is portrayed in the sacred Avesta texts as a noble maiden clad in a golden cloak, representing a universal symbol of purity, life-giving force, and divine protection.
• Androcyte — An immature young male germ cell (also known as a spermatid) resulting from the meiotic division of secondary spermatocytes. In the context of structural spermatogenesis, the androcyte undergoes a complex phase of cellular differentiation and metamorphosis (spermiogenesis), ultimately transforming into a mature spermatozoon capable of fertilization.
• Andrologist — A medical specialist in andrology, dealing with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disorders of the male reproductive and urogenital systems, fertility problems, sexual dysfunctions, and male-specific hormonal imbalances. Their structural role is equivalent to that of a gynecologist for women.
• Andrologist — A female medical specialist in andrology, dealing with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disorders of the male reproductive and urogenital systems, sexual dysfunctions, fertility problems, and male-specific hormonal imbalances. Her structural role is essential for ensuring male reproductive health, serving as the gender equivalent of the male andrologist.
• Andrological — Pertaining to andrology, or relating to the disorders, anatomical functions, and treatments specific to the male reproductive and hormonal systems. This structural term describes clinical investigations, laboratory tests (such as spermograms), and therapeutic protocols designed for men's health.
• Andrology — A branch of medicine dealing with the study of the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the male reproductive and urogenital systems, alongside the investigation of hormonal imbalances and sexual dysfunctions specific to men. Structurally, this clinical specialty represents the equivalent of gynecology for women, being crucial in the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility.
• Anovulation — A major menstrual dysfunction consisting of the suspension or complete absence of ovulation during a menstrual cycle. Anovulation can be physiological (before puberty, during pregnancy, lactation, or menopause) or pathological, triggered by severe hormonal imbalances, intense psychological stress, drastic weight loss, thyroid disorders, or metabolic conditions (such as hyperprolactinemia).
• Anti-sterility — An old spelling form or lexical variant for the word anti-sterility; preventing, combating, or treating sterility. In medical and biochemical monographs from the first half of the 20th century, the term characterized certain nutritional factors or bioactive compounds, particularly vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol), due to their essential role in supporting reproductive functions and protecting organism fertility.
• Artemis of Ephesus — A compact phrase adopted as a unique lemma in old Romanian dictionaries for 'Artemis of Ephesus'; a deity of Anatolian-Asian origin pre-dating the Ionic migration, which the Greeks absorbed into their pantheon under the name Artemis. Venerated at the legendary Artemision (one of the Seven Wonders of the World), this deity represented universal fertility, earth abundance, and a nurturing mother, featuring a unique iconography packed with spherical torso nodes and wild beast motifs, differing radically from the mainland Greek huntress.
• Artio — A goddess in Celtic mythology, protector of bears, wildlife, and fertility, worshipped in antiquity particularly in the region of modern-day Switzerland. In iconographic and historical structures, her artistic representations often depict her alongside a large bear, symbolizing the regenerative force of the forest and nature's abundance.
• Crop rotation — A structural and scientific method of organizing crop production that involves dividing arable land into equal fields (plots) and the planned rotation of crops on these areas in a logical multi-year sequence; this technical system primarily aims to maintain or increase soil fertility, prevent the spread of pests and diseases, and optimize the use of water and nutrient reserves.
• Crop rotation — A rational agrotechnical system of land cultivation, consisting of dividing arable land into several approximately equal parts, called plots, and the periodic, planned, and cyclic succession of crops on these plots; it represents the core element of sustainable agriculture, aiming to maintain or increase soil fertility, combat pests, and optimize crop yields.
• Aspermatism — A medical condition characterized by the total inability to secrete or ejaculate semen during the sexual act, although the sensation of orgasm and erection may be present; it represents a severe form of male infertility caused either by neurological dysfunctions, mechanical obstructions of the ejaculatory ducts, congenital disorders, or deep psychological factors.
• Aspermia — The total absence of seminal fluid (semen) following orgasm; a pathological condition distinct from azoospermia (where fluid exists but lacks spermatozoa), which can be caused by retrograde ejaculation (where semen is directed into the urinary bladder), congenital absence of seminal vesicles, or surgical sequelae.