Atheroma
Definition
A pathological plaque or deposit composed of lipid substances (especially cholesterol), foam cells, cellular debris, and fibrous tissue that gradually accumulates within the intima tunic of large and medium arteries. Its development leads to the narrowing of the vascular lumen, reduction of arterial elasticity, and disruption of blood flow, representing the fundamental lesion of atherosclerosis.
Bilingual Equivalents
- Atheroma
- Arterial plaque
Grammatical & Source Details
| Inflection Type | Neuter noun, regular plural forms adapting through standard parameters. |
| Formation | Neologistic loanword borrowed from French 'athérome', tracking back to the ancient Greek root for soft lipid masses. |
| Spelling / Pronunciation | [a.te.ˈrom] |
| Source | Lexicon of Clinical Cardiology, Vascular Histology, and Pathological Typologies |
Contextual Usage Examples
RO: Medicul i-a explicat pacientului că un aterom instabil se poate fisura, declanșând formarea unui cheag de sânge.
EN: The doctor explained to the patient that an unstable atheroma can rupture, triggering the formation of a blood clot.
RO: Ecografia Doppler a arătat prezența unui aterom calcificat la nivelul arterei carotide interne drepte.
EN: The Doppler ultrasound showed the presence of a calcified atheroma within the right internal carotid artery.
RO: Stilul de viață sănătos și terapia cu statine pot opri creșterea unui aterom și pot stabiliza peretele vascular.
EN: A healthy lifestyle and statin therapy can halt the growth of an atheroma and stabilize the vascular wall.
Idioms & Phrases
Placă de aterom / Atheromatous plaque / arterial plaque
RO: Formațiune proeminentă pe peretele interior al unei artere care îngustează canalul de curgere a sângelui.
EN: A prominent formation on the inner wall of an artery that narrows the channel of blood flow.
Aterom calcificat / Calcified atheroma
RO: Leziune arterială veche în care s-au depus săruri de calciu, devenind rigidă și greu de tratat medicamentos.
EN: An old arterial lesion where calcium salts have deposited, becoming rigid and difficult to treat medically.
Ruptură de aterom / Atheroma rupture / plaque rupture
RO: Fisurarea stratului fibros al depozitului arterial, eveniment critic ce provoacă tromboză acută și infarct.
EN: The cracking of the fibrous cap of the arterial deposit, a critical event causing acute thrombosis and infarction.
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