#plaque

• Amyloid — The feminine form of the adjective 'amiloid', used to describe a substance, degeneration, senile plaque, or organic infiltration that exhibits the structural, physicochemical, or tinctorial characteristics of amyloid. It is frequently encountered in established medical phrases such as 'amyloid substance' or 'amyloid plaque', indicating the presence of pathological protein polymers.
• Arteriostenosis — A pathological narrowing, congenital or acquired, of the lumen of an artery, structurally caused by atheromatous plaque deposits, inflammatory processes (vasculitis), or prolonged muscular spasms. This phenomenon reduces regional blood flow, causing ischemia of the irrigated tissues and significantly increasing the risk of necrosis or infarction in the affected territory.
• Atheroma — A pathological plaque or deposit composed of lipid substances (especially cholesterol), foam cells, cellular debris, and fibrous tissue that gradually accumulates within the intima tunic of large and medium arteries. Its development leads to the narrowing of the vascular lumen, reduction of arterial elasticity, and disruption of blood flow, representing the fundamental lesion of atherosclerosis.