#solanaceae

• Annuum — A specific epithet borrowed from Latin (annuum) used in binomial botanical nomenclature to designate an annual plant; a term globally benchmarked by the species Capsicum annuum, which groups most varieties of cultivated peppers (chili, bell, sweet), whose biological cycles are completed within a single growing season.
• Pepper — An annual herbaceous plant in the family Solanaceae (Capsicum annuum), native to Central and South America, widely cultivated for its fruits; the fruit of this plant, a berry of variable shape, size, and color (red, green, yellow), heavily used in nutrition as a vegetable or spice. In a structural-biological sense, the pepper contains variable percentages of capsaicin, the alkaloid substance responsible for the characteristic pungent taste, serving as an excellent source of vitamins (especially vitamin C) and antioxidants.
• Atropa — A genus of perennial herbaceous plants in the family Solanaceae, the most famous being Atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade). Species within this genus have a complex biological structure and are highly toxic, containing a large amount of tropane alkaloids (atropine, scopolamine) with major parasympatholytic effects, utilized in the structural pharmaceutical industry and medicine.
• Atropine — A toxic alkaloid extracted from deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna) and other plants of the Solanaceae family, used in medicine as a parasympatholytic agent; it acts structurally by blocking acetylcholine muscarinic receptors, causing effects such as pupil dilation (mydriasis), reduction of glandular secretions, and acceleration of the heart rate. It represents an essential antidote in poisonings with organophosphorus pesticides or nerve gases.