#matter

• Atomic — Pertaining to the atom, referring to the atom, or composed of atoms; atomic. In a physico-chemical sense, the term describes the state of a chemical element found as free, uncombined atoms (such as atomic hydrogen). Broadly or philosophically, it refers to elements reduced to a microscopic, indivisible scale, or structured into minimal independent constituent units.
• Atomism — An ancient materialistic philosophical doctrine, formulated by Democritus and Leucippus and expanded by Epicurus and Lucretius, stating that all matter and the universe are composed of tiny, indivisible, and indestructible particles called atoms moving in a vacuum. In a modern sense, it describes theoretical or methodological orientations in physics or psychology that explain complex phenomena by reducing them to independent minimal components.
• Atomist — Feminine form of the noun atomist; a female scientist or philosopher who adheres to the doctrine of atomism. As an adjective, it describes a theory, view, or school of thought (e.g., the atomist school) that bases its analysis on minimal, indivisible constituent elements independent in space.
• Self-formation — A phenomenon or process through which a structure, a geological mass, an organic tissue, or a material configuration generates, models, or originates by itself through strictly endogenous dynamics, without the intervention of external shaping factors. In advanced technical terminology, it describes the capacity of complex systems to structure their material layers autonomously.
• Self-motion — A movement that has its cause inside the very system or object that is displacing, occurring through internal impulses, forces, or contradictions, without being determined by a direct external impulse. In dialectical materialism and classical metaphysics (such as the theories of Aristotle or Hegel), the concept describes the fundamental property of matter to develop, evolve, and transform through its own structural dynamics, rejecting the idea of an external first impulse.