#fertilization process
- Acrosome — A vesicular cellular formation, resembling a specialized lysosome, located as a cap or protective envelope on the anterior portion of the spermatozoon head nucleus. This structural organelle, derived from the Golgi apparatus during spermiogenesis, contains a large amount of potent hydrolytic enzymes (such as hyaluronidase and acrosin) destined to dissolve the outer protective zones of the ovum (zona pellucida) to allow penetration and biological fertilization.
- Androplasm — A specific cytoplasmic component or male germ plasm contained within male gametes (spermatozoa or sperm cells), which plays an essential structural role during the fertilization process, interacting with the gynoplasm (female cytoplasm) to ensure the early metabolic activation of the fertilized egg.