#apomixie

• Agamodeme — A population of plants or organisms within which reproduction occurs predominantly or exclusively through asexual or apomictic methods (without fertilization). Structurally, an agamodeme consists of an assembly of closely related genetic clones that occupy a specific ecological niche and evolve independently of the gene flow characteristic of sexually reproducing populations.
• Agamospecies — A species of plants or lower organisms whose populations reproduce exclusively through asexual or apomictic pathways, completely eliminating the fertilization process and genetic recombination. Structurally, an agamospecies consists of a series of isolated clonal lines (biotypes) that evolve independently and maintain their morphological traits unchanged across generations in the absence of gene flow.
• Agamospermy — A form of apomixis in higher plants (spermatophytes) within which seeds form directly, without the fusion of male and female gametes. Structurally, the embryo originates from a diploid cell of the ovule (such as the nucellus or integument) or from an unfertilized egg cell, resulting in viable seeds that contain offspring genetically identical to the mother plant.
• Ameiosis — A special type of aberrant or modified cell division in which classic meiosis is not completed or is entirely replaced, resulting in reproductive cells (gametophytes or spores) that retain the unchanged diploid chromosome number of the parent cell (without chromatic reduction). This structural phenomenon is closely linked to the process of apomixis in certain plant species, allowing asexual reproduction through genetically viable seeds.
• Aneuspory — A particular type of apomixie or anomaly in spore formation within certain plant species, characterized by the unequal or aberrant distribution of chromosome numbers during meiotic division. This structural phenomenon leads to the appearance of spores with an irregular genetic complement, directly affecting reproductive viability and generating specific phenotypic variations within plant populations.
• Apomixis — A biological phenomenon and mode of asexual reproduction in higher plants (angiosperms and pteridophytes) consisting of embryo formation and viable seed production directly from the ovule's maternal tissues, without gametic fusion and without fertilization occurring; natural seed cloning. It represents a major evolutionary strategy studied in phytogenetics for the integral preservation of the maternal genotype.