#aneuploid

• Aneuploid — Presenting aneuploidy; a cell, living organism, or organism whose chromosome complement differs from the normal one by the lack or addition of one or more individual chromosomes from the basic set. In a structural and clinical sense, this genetic phenomenon disrupts normal genic balance, causing severe phenotypic developmental anomalies, such as medically recognized genetic syndromes.
• Aneuploidy — A numerical genetic anomaly consisting of a change in the normal number of chromosomes within a cell or organism, through the loss or gain of one or more chromosomes from the basic diploid set. This structural phenomenon usually occurs as a result of chromosome nondisjunction during meiosis or mitosis and represents a major cause of severe phenotypic developmental disorders and spontaneous abortions.
• Anorthoploid — Presenting a numerical chromosomal anomaly in which the chromosome set is not an exact multiple of the basic haploid number; an organism, cell, or genome characterized by the presence or absence of some of the individual chromosomes from the normal genetic complement. In structural genetics, the anorthoploid state severely affects meiosis and usually leads to sterility due to the uneven distribution of genetic material in gametes.