Anorthoploid
Definition
Presenting a numerical chromosomal anomaly in which the chromosome set is not an exact multiple of the basic haploid number; an organism, cell, or genome characterized by the presence or absence of some of the individual chromosomes from the normal genetic complement. In structural genetics, the anorthoploid state severely affects meiosis and usually leads to sterility due to the uneven distribution of genetic material in gametes.
Bilingual Equivalents
- Anorthoploid
- Aneuploid
Grammatical & Source Details
| Inflection Type | Variable adjective and regular masculine noun with standard morphological alterations. |
| Formation | Scholarly composition combining the Greek privative prefix 'an-' + 'orthos' (straight, proper) + 'ploos' (fold/multiple), meaning an irregular genomic multiplying layout. |
| Spelling / Pronunciation | [a.nor.to.ˈploid] |
| Source | Principles of Plant and Animal Structural Genetics |
Contextual Usage Examples
RO: Cercetătorul a examinat cariotipul plantei hibride și a constatat că este un specimen anortoploid.
EN: The researcher examined the karyotype of the hybrid plant and found it to be an anorthoploid specimen.
RO: Această linie celulară anortoploidă prezintă o rată de diviziune necontrolată, fiind utilizată în studiile oncologice.
EN: This anorthoploid cell line exhibits an uncontrolled division rate and is used in oncological studies.
RO: Fenomenul de nondisjuncție hromozomială în timpul meiozei poate genera un zigot complet anortoploid.
EN: The phenomenon of chromosomal nondisjunction during meiosis can generate a completely anorthoploid zygote.
Idioms & Phrases
Genom anortoploid / Anorthoploid genome
RO: Set hromozomial dezechilibrat numeric care conține surplusuri ori deficiențe de material genetic structural.
EN: A numerically unbalanced chromosomal set containing surpluses or deficiencies of structural genetic material.
Stare anortoploidă / Anorthoploid state
RO: Condiție citogenetică patologică sau indusă experimental ce modifică fenotipul și viabilitatea celulelor.
EN: A pathological or experimentally induced cytogenetic condition that alters cell phenotype and viability.
Hibrid anortoploid / Anorthoploid hybrid
RO: Organism rezultat din încrucișarea a două specii diferite, având un număr neregulat de hromozomi ce împiedică meioza normală.
EN: An organism resulting from crossing two different species, having an irregular chromosome number that prevents normal meiosis.
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