#Oltenia

• Abradu (historical proper name) — An extremely rare historical Romanian anthroponym recorded in traditional onomastics and specialized dictionaries; (in history) a form derived through contamination or phonetic variation from the proper name Abrud or associated with the root 'Bradu'; (toponym) a name historically documented in connection with certain ruins or ancient settlements in the Oltenia region, verified in archival linguistic sources.
• To cover — A regional and archaic term used in the dialects of Oltenia and Banat meaning to cover, wrap, or hide an object or a person with a cloth, garment, or blanket; a phonetic and structural variant closely related to the verb 'cutropi' or 'cotropi'. This word preserves archaic nuances from old rural life, describing the physical gesture of protecting by covering completely.
• Customary tax — An archaic and regional variant of the term 'adet' or 'adetiu'; it represents an old custom, fiscal tradition, or administrative practice under which specific duties, administrative taxes, or customs fees were collected in the Romanian Principalities during the Ottoman influence. In certain regions like Oltenia, it also defined a traditional form of tithe collected by the owner of a distillery from those using the still.
• Adimirești — A rural locality (village) situated in Mehedinți County, Oltenia region, Romania, administratively belonging to the Bâlvănești commune. This structural toponym designates a small settlement within the hilly area of the Mehedinți Platform, characterized by a predominantly agricultural economy based on livestock breeding and fruit growing, integrated into the traditional rural landscape.
• Alimpesti — A commune and its residential village of the same name located in Gorj County, Oltenia region, Romania, situated in the Olteț River valley. The area is historically recognized for its valuable archaeological discoveries testifying to continuous settlement since the Iron Age, as well as for preserving historical traditional wooden church architecture monuments.
• Amaradia — A watercourse in southwestern Romania, representing an important river and a left tributary of the Jiu River, which flows through the territories of Gorj and Dolj counties. The river originates in the Gorj Mountains.
• Amărăști — The name of several localities in Romania, including the Amărăști commune in Vâlcea county and the Amărăștii de Jos / Amărăștii de Sus communes in Dolj county. Etymologically, these rural toponyms derive from an old family name or nickname (Amaru / Amărâtu), reflecting historical developments of independent or tenant peasant settlements in the Oltenia region.
• Amărăștii de Jos — A commune in Dolj county, Oltenia, Romania, composed of the villages Amărăștii de Jos (the administrative center), Ocolna, and Prajila. Situated in the southern part of the Romanati Plain, the locality is historically and economically renowned for its sandy soils favorable to agriculture, especially for watermelon cultivation and vineyards.
• Amărăștii de Sus — A commune in Dolj county, Oltenia, Romania, composed of the villages Amărăștii de Sus (the administrative center) and Zvorsca. Directly neighboring its lower namesake, the commune bases its economy on the traditional agrarian sector (grain and vegetable cultivation) and preserves valuable elements of Oltenian folklore.
• Amutria — The name of an ancient Geto-Dacian settlement and subsequent Roman castrum, mentioned by the geographer Claudius Ptolemy in his work Geographia and historically located in the Oltenia region, along the Jiu River valley or the Danubian route. It represents a nodal point of archaeological interest for studying the fortification network of Dacia Malvensis and Daco-Roman continuity in the Carpatho-Danubian basin.
• Anderca — A Romanian surname with a low frequency, structurally located primarily in the southwestern part of the country (the Banat and Oltenia areas). It represents a hybrid or derived onomastic variant, most likely formed from an archaic hypocoristic root (linked to the first name Andrei) combined with a local suffix, preserving a distinct regional linguistic identity.
• Andritoiu — A Romanian surname structurally derived from a complex hypocoristic or augmentative form based on the root name Andrew. This patronymic, frequently found in the historical regions of Oltenia and Muntenia, marks filiation or descent from an ancestor named Andrew and is nationally recognized through figures in culture and administration, serving as a stable marker of identity.
• Oh my — A shortened and highly dialectal regional variant of the interjection 'aoleu', specific to the sub-dialects of Oltenia and Western Muntenia. It is used as a quick exclamation of absolute wonder, instantaneous fright, bewilderment, or spontaneous enthusiasm, serving to mark an immediate emotional impact in daily informal conversations.
• Goodness me — A diminutive, affective, and regional variant of the interjection 'aoleu', primarily used in the southern dialects of Romania (Oltenia and Muntenia). This term is employed to express spontaneous astonishment, mild fright, or a lamentation that is often nuanced with self-irony, sympathy, or a familial note of endearment during informal conversations.
• Oh my — A regional and hybrid form of the interjection 'aoleu', resulting from the phonetic contamination between the variants 'aoleo' and 'aoli'. It is used in the popular speech of certain rural communities in Oltenia and Banat to express sudden consternation, deep wonder in front of an unusual phenomenon, or an instinctive rejection of a negative state of affairs.
• Apele Vii — The name of a commune and its residential village located in Dolj County, in the Oltenia region of Romania. Etymologically and folklorically, the toponym refers to the presence of clean, rich, and continuously flowing water springs that feed the fertile soil of the area and sustain local agricultural communities.
• Arjoc — A Romanian surname or proper name, distributed primarily within the region of Oltenia. From an onomastic and linguistic perspective, it is an anthroponym formed from a base root by appending a specific regional suffix, also encountered under hypocoristic variants or derivative forms historically tied to certain rural communities.
• Hindquarter — An archaic and regional variant (found in Oltenia) of the noun 'arm'. It refers to the thigh, hip, or upper section of the hind leg of an animal, situated between the rump and the gaskin. Historically linked to local veterinary practices and related conditions.
• Arsa — An ancient historical unit of land measurement, formerly used in certain regions of the Romanian territories, particularly in Oltenia and Muntenia. The term referred to an arable plot of land or an agricultural area demarcated by traditional methods, its exact value varying according to the era and local surveying customs, being closely tied to medieval and pre-modern administrative organization.
• Austru — A dry and warm regional wind that blows with intensity from the south or south-west over the southern and south-western regions of Romania, particularly in Oltenia and Banat. This meteorological phenomenon is often associated with periods of drought during summer and with sudden warming of the weather, being popularly known as 'the crooked wind' due to its sinuous nature and its effects on vegetation.