Lexicon of Early Christian Doctrines and Patristic Heresiology

• Adoptionism — A non-trinitarian theological doctrine that emerged during the early centuries of Christianity and was condemned as a heresy, asserting that Jesus of Nazareth was born purely human and was later adopted as God's Son at his baptism in the Jordan River due to his exceptional virtues. This christological view re-emerged in 8th-century Spain and was officially refuted by major church councils.