Bacteriophage
Definition
A virus that infects and destroys exclusively bacterial cells, utilizing their genetic mechanisms to replicate. In a medical and biochemical context, bacteriophages (or phages) represent an extremely specific and ecological alternative to antibiotics, used in phage therapy to combat drug-resistant superbugs.
Bilingual Equivalents
- Bacteriophage
- Phage
Grammatical & Source Details
| Inflection Type | Masculine noun with regular plural forms and standard case endings. |
| Formation | Borrowed from French 'bactériophage', combining 'bactérie' with the Greek terminal element '-phagos'. |
| Spelling / Pronunciation | [bak.te.ri.o.ˈfag] |
| Source | Encyclopedia of Virology, Molecular Biology, and Phage Genetics |
Contextual Usage Examples
RO: Un bacteriofag specific a fost izolat din apele reziduale pentru a fi testat împotriva unei tulpini de Salmonella.
EN: A specific bacteriophage was isolated from wastewater to be tested against a strain of Salmonella.
RO: Microscopia electronică a surprins momentul în care acel bacteriofag își injecta ADN-ul în peretele celular microbian.
EN: Electron microscopy captured the moment when that bacteriophage was injecting its DNA into the microbial cell wall.
RO: Cercetările moderne arată că un bacteriofag poate distruge un biofilm bacterian mult mai eficient decât substanțele chimice.
EN: Modern research shows that a bacteriophage can destroy a bacterial biofilm much more efficiently than chemical substances.
Idioms & Phrases
Ciclu litic de bacteriofag / Bacteriophage lytic cycle
RO: Procesul prin care virusul infectează bacteria, se multiplică rapid și determină ruperea membranei acesteia pentru a elibera noi virioni.
EN: The process by which the virus infects the bacterium, multiplies rapidly, and causes the rupture of its membrane to release new virions.
Terapie cu bacteriofagi / Bacteriophage therapy / phage therapy
RO: Utilizarea medicală controlată a fagilor pentru a trata infecțiile bacteriene patogene rezistente la antibioticele convenționale.
EN: The controlled medical use of phages to treat pathogenic bacterial infections resistant to conventional antibiotics.
Bacteriofag temperat / Temperate bacteriophage
RO: Tip de fag capabil să își integreze materialul genetic în cromozomul gazdei fără a provoca liza imediată a celulei.
EN: A type of phage capable of integrating its genetic material into the host's chromosome without causing immediate cell lysis.
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