Autopolyploid
Definition
An organism or cell possessing more than two complete sets of homologous chromosomes (triploid, tetraploid, etc.), derived entirely from the multiplication of the genome of the same species, without the input of foreign genetic material. This structural genomic mutation phenomenon usually occurs through chromosome non-disjunction during meiosis or mitosis, serving as a major evolutionary driver in the plant kingdom, responsible for the emergence of varieties with enhanced productivity and resilience.
Bilingual Equivalents
- Autopolyploid
- Autopolyploid organism
Grammatical & Source Details
| Inflection Type | Variable noun/adjective with standard masculine, feminine, and structural plural variations. |
| Formation | Scientific compound derived from Greek components 'auto-' (self), 'poly-' (many), and the relative ploidy suffix unit '-ploid'. |
| Spelling / Pronunciation | [ˌɔː.toʊ.ˈpɒl.ɪ.plɔɪd] |
| Source | Principles of Plant Genetics and Evolutionary Cytogenetics |
Contextual Usage Examples
RO: Cartoful cultivat la scară largă este un autopoliploid tetraploid, având patru seturi identice de cromozomi.
EN: The widely cultivated potato is a tetraploid autopolyploid, having four identical sets of chromosomes.
RO: Un individ autopoliploid poate prezenta adesea celule cu dimensiuni mai mari și fructe mult mai dezvoltate decât formele diploide.
EN: An autopolyploid individual can often exhibit larger cell sizes and much more developed fruits than diploid forms.
RO: Cercetătorii au tratat semințele cu colchicină pentru a induce artificial un stadiu autopoliploid stabil.
EN: The researchers treated the seeds with colchicine to artificially induce a stable autopolyploid state.
Idioms & Phrases
Organism autopoliploid / Autopolyploid organism
RO: Individ biologic ale cărui seturi cromozomiale suplimentare provin în întregime de la aceeași specie parentală, eliminând hibridarea interspecifică.
EN: A biological individual whose additional chromosome sets come entirely from the same parental species, eliminating interspecific hybridization.
Stare de autopoliploidie / Autopolyploidy state
RO: Condiție genetică structurală caracterizată prin dublarea sau triplarea endogenă a complementului cromozomial normal.
EN: A structural genetic condition characterized by the endogenous doubling or tripling of the normal chromosome complement.
Autopoliploid indus / Induced autopolyploid
RO: Varietate vegetală creată în laborator prin utilizarea unor agenți chimici mutageni care blochează diviziunea celulară fusiformă.
EN: A plant variety created in the laboratory by using mutagenic chemical agents that block fusiform cell division.
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