Atom

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masculine noun (physics / chemistry / philosophy)

Definition

The smallest particle of a chemical element that retains all the chemical properties of that element, consisting of a central nucleus (containing protons and neutrons) surrounded by a cloud of electrons. In a historical philosophical sense, the term represented the indivisible and indestructible constituent element of the universe.

Bilingual Equivalents

  • Atom
  • Atomic unit

Grammatical & Source Details

Inflection Type Masculine noun, regular plural forms, taking standard masculine endings in syntactic operations.
Formation Neologistic loanword from French 'atome' and Latin 'atomus', derived from the Greek 'atomos' (indivisible).
Spelling / Pronunciation [a.ˈtom]
Source Lexicon of Quantum Mechanics, Particle Physics, and Molecular Chemistry

Contextual Usage Examples

RO: Un atom de oxigen se poate lega de doi atomi de hidrogen pentru a forma o moleculă de apă.

EN: An oxygen atom can bind with two hydrogen atoms to form a molecule of water.

RO: Modelul planetar elaborat de Rutherford descria cum electronii se mișcă în jurul nucleului dintr-un atom.

EN: The planetary model developed by Rutherford described how electrons move around the nucleus inside an atom.

RO: Filozofii antici Democrit și Leuciper au fost primii care au afirmat că materia este compusă dintr-un atom invizibil.

EN: Ancient philosophers Democritus and Leucippus were the first to state that matter is composed of an indivisible atom.

Idioms & Phrases

Nucleu de atom / Atomic nucleus / atom core

RO: Partea centrală și densă a atomului, cu sarcină electrică pozitivă, unde este concentrată aproape întreaga masă a acestuia.

EN: The central and dense part of the atom, with a positive electric charge, where almost its entire mass is concentrated.

Atom marcat / Labeled atom / tracer atom

RO: Izotop radioactiv introdus într-un organism sau sistem chimic pentru a-i urmări traseul și transformările prin metode radiometrice.

EN: A radioactive isotope introduced into an organism or chemical system to track its path and transformations using radiometric methods.

Nici un atom de adevăr / Not an atom of truth / no grain of truth

RO: Expresie figurată utilizată pentru a descrie o minciună absolută sau o afirmație complet falsă, lipsită de orice fundament.

EN: A figurative expression used to describe an absolute lie or a completely false statement, lacking any foundation whatsoever.

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