Atherosclerosis
Definition
A chronic and progressive cardiovascular disease characterized by the deposition of lipid substances (cholesterol) and calcium salts within the inner tunic of large and medium arteries, associated with connective tissue proliferation and vascular wall stiffening. This process gradually leads to the narrowing of the arterial lumen, reduced blood supply to organs, and represents the primary cause of myocardial infarction and stroke.
Bilingual Equivalents
- Atherosclerosis
- Arterial hardening
Grammatical & Source Details
| Inflection Type | Feminine noun, singular only (uncountable). |
| Formation | Medical loanword borrowed from French 'athérosclérose', combining Ancient Greek roots for soft fat mass and structural hardening. |
| Spelling / Pronunciation | [a.te.ro.skle.ˈro.zə] |
| Source | Lexicon of Clinical Cardiology, Vascular Histology, and Pathological Typologies |
Contextual Usage Examples
RO: Fumatul, sedentarismul și alimentația dezechilibrată reprezintă factori de risc majori care accelerează această ateroscleroză.
EN: Smoking, a sedentary lifestyle, and an unbalanced diet represent major risk factors that accelerate this atherosclerosis.
RO: Tratamentul precoce pentru ateroscleroză include modificarea radicală a stilului de viață și administrarea de medicamente antiplachetare.
EN: Early treatment for atherosclerosis includes a radical lifestyle modification and the administration of antiplatelet medications.
RO: O formă severă de ateroscleroză poate provoca dureri intense la nivelul picioarelor în timpul mersului din cauza lipsei de oxigen.
EN: A severe form of atherosclerosis can cause intense pain in the legs during walking due to a lack of oxygen.
Idioms & Phrases
Ateroscleroză coronariană / Coronary atherosclerosis
RO: Afectarea arterelor care hrănesc mușchiul inimii, fiind cauza principală a anginei pectorale și a infarctului miocardic.
EN: The affection of the arteries that nourish the heart muscle, being the primary cause of angina pectoris and myocardial infarction.
Ateroscleroză carotidiană / Carotid atherosclerosis
RO: Depunerea de plăci de colesterol în arterele gâtului, proces periculos ce poate bloca circulația sângelui către creier.
EN: The deposition of cholesterol plaques in the neck arteries, a dangerous process that can block blood circulation to the brain.
Prevenția aterosclerozei / Prevention of atherosclerosis
RO: Setul de măsuri medicale, alimentare și sportive menite să mențină elasticitatea vaselor de sânge și nivelul optim al lipidelor.
EN: The set of medical, dietary, and athletic measures aimed at maintaining blood vessel elasticity and optimal lipid levels.
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