Atelectasis
Definition
A pathological respiratory condition consisting of the total or partial collapse of pulmonary alveoli, leading to the loss of air content from the affected lung parenchyma and the inability to perform gas exchange. It can be congenital, occurring in newborns due to failure of lung expansion at birth, or acquired in adults due to airway obstruction by mucous plugs, tumors, foreign bodies, or extrinsic compression exerted by pleural fluid or air.
Bilingual Equivalents
- Atelectasis
- Lung collapse
Grammatical & Source Details
| Inflection Type | Feminine noun with regular plural and standard genitive case changes in clinical reporting. |
| Formation | Neologistic borrowing from French 'atélectasie', etymologically derived from Ancient Greek 'ateles' (incomplete) and 'ektasis' (expansion). |
| Spelling / Pronunciation | |
| Source | Lexicon of Clinical Pulmonology, Internal Pathologies, and Morphosyntax |
Contextual Usage Examples
RO: Radiografia toracică a evidențiat o atelectazie masivă a lobului inferior drept, cauzată de un dop gros de mucus postoperator.
EN: The chest X-ray revealed a massive atelectasis of the right lower lobe, caused by a thick postoperative mucous plug.
RO: Kinetoterapia respiratorie timpurie este esențială pentru a preveni instalarea unei atelectazii la pacienții imobilizați la pat.
EN: Early respiratory physical therapy is essential to prevent the onset of atelectasis in bedridden patients.
RO: Atelectazia neonatală severă necesită adesea administrarea de surfactant și suport ventilator imediat în secția de terapie intensivă.
EN: Severe neonatal atelectasis frequently requires surfactant administration and immediate ventilatory support in the intensive care unit.
Idioms & Phrases
Atelectazie de resorbție / Resorption atelectasis / obstructive atelectasis
RO: Formă de colaps alveolar ce apare atunci când un obstacol blochează complet o bronhie, iar aerul distal este absorbit în sânge.
EN: A form of alveolar collapse occurring when an obstacle completely blocks a bronchus, and distal air is absorbed into the blood.
Atelectazie de compresie / Compression atelectasis
RO: Turtire a parenchimului pulmonar provocată de prezența unei mase tumorale, a sângelui sau a aerului în spațiul pleural înconjurător.
EN: Squashing of the lung parenchyma caused by the presence of a tumor mass, blood, or air in the surrounding pleural space.
Atelectazie cicatriceală / Cicatricial atelectasis / contraction atelectasis
RO: Pierdere localizată de volum pulmonar cauzată de fibrozarea țesutului sau de sechelele lăsate în trecut de o tuberculoză vindecată.
EN: Localized loss of lung volume caused by tissue fibrosis or past sequelae left by healed tuberculosis.
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