Arteriosclerosis
Definition
A chronic, degenerative vascular condition characterized by the thickening, stiffening, and loss of elasticity of arterial walls, a process often correlated with aging or mineral deposition within the tunica media of the vessels. This umbrella term encompasses atherosclerosis (lipid plaque formation in the endothelium) and Mönckeberg's arteriosclerosis (medial calcification), leading to reduced vascular compliance, elevated systolic pressure, and impaired blood flow to vital organs.
Bilingual Equivalents
- Arteriosclerosis
- Arterial hardening
Grammatical & Source Details
| Inflection Type | Feminine noun, regular plural endings 'arterioscleroze'. Genitive-dative form: arteriosclerozei. |
| Formation | Neological loanword from French (artériosclérose), combining the prefixoid 'arterio-' (artery) and the noun 'sclerosis' (tissue hardening). |
| Spelling / Pronunciation | /ar.te.ri.o.skleˈro.zə/ |
| Source | Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine |
Contextual Usage Examples
RO: O dietă bogată în grăsimi saturate și sedentarismul accelerează procesul de arterioscleroză la nivelul aortei.
EN: A diet rich in saturated fats and a sedentary lifestyle accelerate the process of arteriosclerosis within the aorta.
RO: Medicul specialist a explicat că această arterioscleroză avansată reduce capacitatea vaselor de a se dilata la efort.
EN: The specialist physician explained that this advanced arteriosclerosis reduces the vessels' capacity to dilate during exertion.
RO: Tratamentul medicamentos urmărește stabilizarea funcției endoteliale și încetinirea evoluției de arterioscleroză.
EN: The medical treatment aims to stabilize endothelial function and slow down the progression of arteriosclerosis.
Idioms & Phrases
Arterioscleroză Mönckeberg / Mönckeberg's arteriosclerosis
RO: Formă particulară de rigidizare vasculară caracterizată prin calcificarea tunicii medii a arterelor musculare medii, fără îngustarea lumenului.
EN: A specific form of vascular stiffening characterized by the calcification of the tunica media of medium-sized muscular arteries, without narrowing the lumen.
Factori de risc în arterioscleroză / Arteriosclerosis risk factors
RO: Elemente clinice și comportamentale, precum fumatul, hipertensiunea și diabetul, care favorizează deteriorarea pereților arteriali.
EN: Clinical and behavioral elements, such as smoking, hypertension, and diabetes, that promote the degradation of arterial walls.
Evaluarea rigidității din arterioscleroză / Arteriosclerosis stiffness assessment
RO: Măsurarea non-invazivă a complianței vasculare prin determinarea vitezei undei de puls pentru depistarea precoce a bolii.
EN: Non-invasive measurement of vascular compliance by determining the pulse wave velocity for early detection of the disease.
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