Alloxan
Definition
A heterocyclic organic compound derived from pyrimidine, obtained through the oxidation of uric acid; a highly hydrophilic and crystalline chemical substance exhibiting a remarkable selective toxicity toward the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans (pancreas). In structural and experimental medical research, it is utilized as a laboratory diabetogenic agent to induce experimental diabetes mellitus in laboratory animals to study the disease's pathogenesis.
Bilingual Equivalents
- Alloxan
- Alloxan compound
Grammatical & Source Details
| Inflection Type | Masculine abstract noun, following standard morphosyntactic configurations for plural and case structural shifts. |
| Formation | Scientific compounding element derived historically from blending roots of functional organic components, matching international standards. |
| Spelling / Pronunciation | [æ.ˈlɒk.sæn] |
| Source | Merck Index of Chemicals and Handbook of Experimental Endocrinology Models |
Contextual Usage Examples
RO: Cercetătorul a injectat o doză controlată de aloxan pentru a distruge celulele pancreatice și a genera modelul de diabet pe șobolani.
EN: The researcher injected a controlled dose of alloxan to destroy pancreatic cells and generate the diabetes model in rats.
RO: Structura chimică a compusului numit aloxan a fost intens analizată pentru a înțelege stresul oxidativ celular pe care îl provoacă.
EN: The chemical structure of the compound named alloxan was intensely analyzed to understand the cellular oxidative stress it triggers.
RO: O cantitate prea mare de aloxan poate provoca necroză hepatică severă la animalele de laborator supuse experimentului.
EN: Too large an amount of alloxan can induce severe hepatic necrosis in laboratory animals subjected to the experiment.
Idioms & Phrases
Diabet prin aloxan / Alloxan-induced diabetes
RO: Model experimental de diabet zaharat de tip 1 obținut în laborator prin distrugerea chimică selectivă a celulelor ce produc insulină.
EN: An experimental type 1 diabetes mellitus model obtained in the laboratory via the selective chemical destruction of insulin-producing cells.
Monohidrat de aloxan / Alloxan monohydrate
RO: Formă chimică structurală stabilă sub formă de cristale prismatice, utilizată ca reactiv pur în sintezele organice de laborator.
EN: A stable structural chemical form in the shape of prismatic crystals, used as a pure reagent in laboratory organic syntheses.
Toxicitate prin aloxan structurală / Structural alloxan toxicity
RO: Mecanism citotoxic mediat de radicalii liberi de oxigen care distruge integritatea membranei celulelor beta pancreatice.
EN: A cytotoxic mechanism mediated by oxygen free radicals that destroys the membrane integrity of pancreatic beta cells.
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