Allia
Definition
The name of a small river (a left tributary of the Tiber) located in central Italy, entered into universal history as the site of the famous Battle of the Allia in July 390 BC (or 387 BC). In this conflict, Gallic tribes led by Brennus crushed the Roman army, an event followed by the first disastrous sack of Rome and the establishment of July 18 as an unlucky day ('dies Alliensis') in the Roman calendar.
Bilingual Equivalents
- Allia
- Allia river
Grammatical & Source Details
| Inflection Type | Invariable foreign proper noun stable across syntactic structural placements. |
| Formation | Ancient Latin hydrographic toponym (Flumen Allia), whose precise etymology likely stems from an Etruscan or early Italic linguistic substratum. |
| Spelling / Pronunciation | [ˈal.li.a] |
| Source | Oxford Classical Dictionary and Roman Historical Topography Indexes |
Contextual Usage Examples
RO: Înfrângerea catastrofală suferită pe malurile râului Allia a lăsat Roma complet vulnerabilă în fața invadatorilor.
EN: The catastrophic defeat suffered on the banks of the Allia river left Rome completely vulnerable to the invaders.
RO: Istoricul Titus Livius oferă o descriere detaliată a panicii care i-a cuprins pe soldați la Allia.
EN: The historian Livy provides a detailed description of the panic that seized the soldiers at Allia.
RO: Astăzi, cursul mic al râului Allia este greu de identificat cu exactitate din cauza modificărilor de teren.
EN: Today, the small course of the Allia river is difficult to identify precisely due to terrain modifications.
Idioms & Phrases
Bătălia de la Allia / Battle of the Allia
RO: Confruntare militară antică majoră ce a marcat una dintre cele mai negre pagini din istoria timpurie a republicii romane.
EN: A major ancient military confrontation marking one of the darkest pages in the early history of the Roman Republic.
Ziua de la Allia / The Allia day
RO: Sintagmă echivalentă cu 'dies Alliensis', zi de doliu național în care romanii nu efectuau tranzacții sau acte publice.
EN: A phrase equivalent to 'dies Alliensis', a day of national mourning on which Romans conducted no business or public acts.
Dezastrul de la Allia / The Allia disaster
RO: Expresie istorică utilizată pentru a descrie prăbușirea tactica a legiunilor și lipsa de pregătire în fața atacului galic.
EN: A historical expression used to describe the tactical collapse of the legions and the lack of preparation before the Gallic assault.
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