Ajmalină
Definition
An alkaloid extracted from the root of the tropical plant Rauwolfia serpentina, used in medicine as a class Ia antiarrhythmic agent; it acts by blocking sodium channels in myocardial cell membranes, thereby prolonging the heart's refractory period. It is primarily utilized for the electrocardiographic diagnosis of Brugada syndrome (the ajmaline challenge test) and in the emergency treatment of supraventricular tachycardias induced by Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.
Bilingual Equivalents
- Ajmalină
- Ajmaline
Grammatical & Source Details
| Inflection Type | Feminine singular noun, changing regularly to genitive-dative with standard descriptive formatting. |
| Formation | Pharmaceutical term derived from the name of the prominent physician Hakim Ajmal Khan, stabilized within international medical nomenclature. |
| Spelling / Pronunciation | [aʒ.ma.ˈli.nə] |
| Source | The Merck Index: An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals |
Contextual Usage Examples
RO: Cardiologul a decis să efectueze un test de provocare cu ajmalină pentru a confirma suspiciunea de sindrom Brugada.
EN: The cardiologist decided to perform an ajmaline challenge test to confirm the suspicion of Brugada syndrome.
RO: Ajmalina administrată intravenos a restabilit rapid ritmul sinusal în cazul pacientului cu tahicardie paroxistică.
EN: Intravenously administered ajmaline rapidly restored sinus rhythm in the patient with paroxysmal tachycardia.
RO: Sinteza chimică și izolarea de ajmalină pură din extractul vegetal necesită echipamente de laborator de înaltă precizie.
EN: The chemical synthesis and isolation of pure ajmaline from the plant extract require high-precision laboratory equipment.
Idioms & Phrases
Testul cu ajmalină / Ajmaline challenge test / Ajmaline test
RO: Procedură medicală de diagnosticare cardiologică ce constă în injectarea intravenoasă controlată a substanței pentru a evidenția un traseu EKG de tip Brugada.
EN: A diagnostic cardiological medical procedure involving the controlled intravenous injection of the substance to reveal a Brugada-type ECG pattern.
Efectul ajmalinei / Ajmaline effect / Pharmacological action
RO: Mecanism electrofiziologic prin care molecula blochează curentul de sodiu, reducând excitabilitatea țesutului cardiac.
EN: An electrophysiological mechanism by which the molecule blocks the sodium current, thereby reducing the excitability of cardiac tissue.
Intoxicație cu ajmalină / Ajmaline toxicity / Overdose
RO: Stare patologică gravă cauzată de depășirea dozelor terapeutice, manifestată prin blocuri atrioventriculare și aritmii severe.
EN: A severe pathological state caused by exceedingtherapeutic doses, manifested by atrioventricular blocks and severe arrhythmias.
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