Agonist
Definition
A chemical substance, drug, or hormone that binds to a specific cellular receptor and triggers a biological response, mimicking the action of an endogenous compound; in muscle physiology, it designates a muscle whose contraction directly produces a specific movement.
Bilingual Equivalents
- Agonist
- Receptor agonist
Grammatical & Source Details
| Inflection Type | Masculine noun or variable adjective, taking standard plural and gender modifications. |
| Formation | Derived via French and English from the Greek root 'agonistēs', denoting a competitor or main actor in a struggle. |
| Spelling / Pronunciation | [a.ˈɡo.nist] |
| Source | Lexicon of Molecular Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Functional Anatomy |
Contextual Usage Examples
RO: Medicul a prescris un agonist dopaminergic pentru a stimula receptorii deficitari ai pacientului.
EN: The doctor prescribed a dopaminergic agonist to stimulate the patient's deficient receptors.
RO: Bicepul brahial acționează ca mușchi agonist în timpul mișcării de flexie a antebrațului pe braț.
EN: The biceps brachii acts as an agonist muscle during the flexion movement of the forearm on the arm.
RO: Cercetătorii testează un nou agonist molecular menit să activeze selectiv sistemul imunitar împotriva celulelor tumorale.
EN: Researchers are testing a new molecular agonist designed to selectively activate the immune system against tumor cells.
Idioms & Phrases
Agonist complet / Full agonist
RO: Substanță care se leagă de un receptor celular și produce un răspuns biologic maxim, egal cu cel al ligandului natural.
EN: A substance that binds to a cellular receptor and produces a maximal biological response, equal to that of the natural ligand.
Mușchi agonist / Agonist muscle / prime mover
RO: Structură musculară principală responsabilă de generarea forței necesare pentru realizarea unei mișcări articulare.
EN: The primary muscle structure responsible for generating the force required to execute a joint movement.
Agonist parțial / Partial agonist
RO: Compus chimic care activează un receptor, dar produce doar un efect submaximal, indiferent de concentrația utilizată.
EN: A chemical compound that activates a receptor but produces only a submaximal effect, regardless of the concentration used.
Latest Contextual News
No recent news found for this topic.