#vasospasm

• Angiospasm — A sudden, temporary, and involuntary constriction of the smooth muscle fibers within a blood vessel wall, leading to a marked narrowing of the vascular lumen and a transient reduction in circulatory flow. This well-defined pathological structural phenomenon can affect the coronary arteries (causing Prinzmetal's angina), cerebral arteries, or peripheral vessels of the extremities, clinically manifesting as acute episodes of ischemic pain, localized pallor, and paresthesias.
• Arteriospasm — A sudden, involuntary, and temporary constriction of the smooth muscle within the wall of an artery, causing an acute narrowing of the vascular lumen and a transient reduction in blood flow to the supplied tissue. This arterial spasm can be triggered by thermal stimuli (cold exposure), intense emotional stress, chemical substances, or nervous imbalances, generating episodes of reversible local ischemia (as seen in Raynaud's syndrome or vasospastic angina).