#passive immunity
- Antiserum — Blood serum (obtained from previously immunized humans or animals) containing a high concentration of specific antibodies directed against a particular antigen, virus, bacterium, bacterial toxin, or venom. In medical and emergency practice, antiserum is administered to provide immediate passive immunity, rapidly neutralizing dangerous pathogens or toxins released into the body before the patient's immune system can react.
- Antitoxin — A specific antibody formed in the body of a human or animal as an immune response to the introduction of a bacterial, plant, or animal toxin, having the capacity to selectively neutralize its toxic effect. In medical practice, the term also designates the injectable pharmaceutical preparation obtained from the serum of immunized animals, used as an emergency treatment in serious infectious diseases such as diphtheria, tetanus, or botulism.