#nephrotoxicity
- Aristolochia — A large genus of perennial herbaceous, climbing, or creeping plants in the Aristolochiaceae family, commonly known as birthwort or pipevine. It comprises over 500 species distributed mainly in tropical and subtropical regions, recognized by their bizarre, tubular flowers structurally adapted to temporarily trap pollinating insects. Although historically used in traditional medicine, all species contain aristolochic acid, a compound with extremely high nephrotoxic and carcinogenic potential.