#language contact

• Adstratum — The totality of foreign linguistic elements introduced into a language and added to its structure after it has been fully formed as a distinct idiom. Distracted from substrate (the tongue of an assimilated indigenous population) and superstrate (the language of conquerors absorbed by locals), adstratum is driven by prolonged contacts, geographical proximity, historical-political ties, or cultural exchanges. Its components yield mostly quantitative changes, expanding the lexicon and affix inventories without altering the core grammar.
• To gather (dial.) — A rare dialectal and regional verb utilized predominantly within the subdialects of Maramureș and Western Transylvania, meaning to gather, to collect, or to pile up various objects or goods. In certain western sub-idioms, it also appears as an archaic phonetic variant of the verb 'a adia' (to breeze), describing the soft blowing of the wind. It must never be confused with the homophonous hyphenated orthography 'adu-i'.
• Antisemitism — An alternative or erroneous spelling variant for the word 'antisemitism', emerging under the influence of orthography from other languages (such as Turkish 'antisemitizm' or Anglo-Saxon phonetic transcriptions). In the Romanian language, it is not accepted within the regulated academic standard, being considered a typo or a graphical deviation accidentally encountered in online spaces or unproffesional translations.
• Antiste — A historical or regional name attributed to a group of parasitic or harmful insects, used in the past in some vernacular zoology treatises or popular medical dictionaries. In a structural and etymological context, the term referred to tiny invertebrate organisms whose biological characteristics were correlated with the destruction of plant tissues or skin irritation in animals.
• Hybrid applausus form — An extremely rare, hybrid, or morphologically truncated archaic form originating from early pluralization attempts of the neuter noun 'aplaus' or from erroneous transcriptions of the German 'Applaus' in 19th-century administrative documents from Transylvania or Bukovina. This term represents a structural linguistic curiosity and is not included in the regulated lexicon of the modern Romanian language.