#laicism
- Anticlericalism — An ideological current, political attitude, or social movement opposing clericalism; a doctrine that combats the influence of the ecclesiastical hierarchy in public, political, judicial, and educational state affairs. This historical phenomenon, heavily developed during the Enlightenment and the French Revolution, promotes secularism, freedom of conscience, and the complete secularization of government institutions.
- Atheism — A school of thought or philosophical position characterized by the absence of belief in the existence of a deity, or by the explicit, reasoned denial of God and any supernatural forces. Unlike agnosticism (which views the divine as unknown or unknowable), atheism is structurally founded on rationalism, scientific materialism, and the explanation of the universe through empirically verifiable natural laws.
- Atheistic — Pertaining to atheism or atheist individuals, specific to atheism; characterized by the denial of God's existence or by the promotion of secular principles. The term applies primarily to describe philosophical systems, literary works, ideological trends, discourses, or historical periods defined by the structural and militant rejection of religious elements.