#evolutionary botany
- Andromonoecy — A morphological trait and plant reproductive system where the same individual structurally bears both hermaphroditic (bisexual) flowers and exclusively male (staminate) flowers. This reproductive strategy is studied in evolutionary ecology because it structurally controls energy resource allocation between male and female functions.
- Andropleogamy — A polymorphic reproductive system or highly rare ecological strategy in plants where populations exhibit an extreme structural diversity of male, hermaphroditic, and polygamous individuals co-existing within the same habitat to ensure an optimal pollen flow and maximum genetic adaptability.