#bacterial toxin

• Antitoxin — A specific antibody formed in the body of a human or animal as an immune response to the introduction of a bacterial, plant, or animal toxin, having the capacity to selectively neutralize its toxic effect. In medical practice, the term also designates the injectable pharmaceutical preparation obtained from the serum of immunized animals, used as an emergency treatment in serious infectious diseases such as diphtheria, tetanus, or botulism.
• Bacteriotoxemia — A severe pathological condition characterized by the presence and circulation of toxins produced by bacteria within the bloodstream, regardless of whether the bacteria themselves have disseminated or remained localized in a primary infectious focus. Clinically, bacteriotoxemia represents the pathophysiological driver behind diseases such as tetanus, diphtheria, or botulism, where devastating systemic effects are determined directly by the diffusion of bacterial toxins.
• Bacteriotoxin — A toxic substance of a protein or lipopolysaccharide nature produced and released by a bacterial cell, capable of inducing functional disorders or severe cellular destruction within the host organism. Biochemically, bacteriotoxins are divided into exotoxins (actively secreted into the environment by live bacteria, often highly potent) and endotoxins (constituents of the cell wall, released primarily upon bacterial lysis).