#Romanian botany

• Lemon balm — A regional or popular name used in certain ethnographic areas for the lemon (the fruit of the Citrus limon tree) or for the aromatic plant known as lemon balm (Melissa officinalis), characterized by a strong and pleasant scent similar to that of citrus fruits. In old folk medical texts, the extract obtained from this plant was used as a natural remedy against anxiety states and digestive disorders.
• Sweet mock-orange — A regional or popular phonetic variant for lămâiță; a term used in certain dialects to denote the ornamental shrub called sweet mock-orange (Philadelphus coronarius), whose white flowers have an intense scent reminiscent of citrus fruits, or the aromatic medicinal plant known as lemon balm (Melissa officinalis). In Transylvanian villages, its dried leaves and flowers were used both for scenting bed linens and as a phytotherapeutic remedy against migraines.
• Lemon balm — Obsolete spelling variant (using internal 'î' according to pre-1993 orthographic rules) for the regional term 'alămâie'; a popular name used in certain dialects for lemon or for the aromatic medicinal plant lemon balm (Melissa officinalis). Its leaves emit a refreshing citrus scent and are valued in traditional phytotherapy for their sedative and antispasmodic properties.
• Sweet mock-orange — Obsolete spelling variant (using internal 'î' according to pre-1993 orthographic rules) for 'alămâiță'; a popular name used to denote the ornamental shrub called sweet mock-orange (Philadelphus coronarius), whose white flowers have an intense scent reminiscent of citrus fruits, or the aromatic medicinal plant known as lemon balm (Melissa officinalis). Its dried leaves and flowers were used in traditional households for scenting linens and as a phytotherapeutic remedy against migraines.
• Hawthorn — A regional or popular name attributed to the hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna), a thorny shrub of the Rosaceae family, recognized for its white flowers and red berries with cardiotonic properties; also, the term is sometimes used for the common dogwood (Cornus sanguinea) or sea buckthorn. In traditional rural phytotherapy, infusions from its leaves and young branches were administered as a natural remedy for regulating blood pressure.
• White poplar — A regional popular name used in certain areas of Transylvania for the white poplar (Populus alba), a tree of the Salicaceae family characterized by smooth, whitish bark and leaves covered on the underside with a dense, woolly, immaculate down. In other isolated local contexts, the term can be a rare phonetic variant for 'albeu', denoting small silvery river fish.
• Birthwort — A neologistic form assimilated into the Romanian language to designate any plant belonging to the Aristolochia genus or the Aristolochiaceae family, commonly known as birthwort. These plants are characterized by flexible, often twining stems and flowers with a spectacular asymmetrical morphology, historically used in various empirical phytotherapeutic preparations but banned in modern medicine due to major toxic risks.
• Chervil — An alternative and widespread phonetic form for chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium), an annual herbaceous plant in the umbellifer family, remarkable for its fine, intensely branched, and highly aromatic leaves. It is frequently used as a culinary seasoning in soups, sauces, and salads due to its refined taste combining subtle hints of parsley and anise, while also possessing recognized diuretic and depurative properties in empirical medicine.