#Mecca

• Saudi Arabia — A sovereign state located in the Middle East, occupying the majority of the Arabian Peninsula; it is an absolute monarchy governed by Islamic legilsation, officially recognized as the custodian of Islam's holiest sites, Mecca and Medina. It represents a major global economic power due to its massive oil reserves and a pivotal geopolitical actor in the Arab world and international strategic decisions.
• Arafat — A plain and a granite mountain (Mount Arafat) located about 20 kilometers southeast of Mecca, Saudi Arabia, representing the central sacred site where Muslim pilgrims spend the afternoon of the 9th day of Dhu al-Hijjah (Day of Arafat) in prayer and repentance, a mandatory ritual (Waqf) without which the Hajj pilgrimage is invalid. In modern political history, the name is indissolubly linked to Yasser Arafat (1929–2004), the historic leader of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and Nobel Peace Prize laureate.