#Islamic philosophy
- Abubacer — The Latinized name of Ibn Tufayl (Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Tufayl al-Qaysi), an illustrious Arabic philosopher, physician, mathematician, and astronomer from medieval Andalusia (Islamic Spain). He is globally renowned for authoring the philosophical treatise 'Hayy ibn Yaqdhan' (Alive, son of Awake), considered the first philosophical novel in history, a visionary work exploring empiricism, self-taught spiritual enlightenment, and the evolution of the human intellect in total isolation from society.