#Andalusia

• Abubacer — The Latinized name of Ibn Tufayl (Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Tufayl al-Qaysi), an illustrious Arabic philosopher, physician, mathematician, and astronomer from medieval Andalusia (Islamic Spain). He is globally renowned for authoring the philosophical treatise 'Hayy ibn Yaqdhan' (Alive, son of Awake), considered the first philosophical novel in history, a visionary work exploring empiricism, self-taught spiritual enlightenment, and the evolution of the human intellect in total isolation from society.
• Algeciras — A major city and seaport in southern Spain, in the autonomous community of Andalusia, located on the Bay of Gibraltar. It stands as one of the largest transshipment ports in Europe and the Mediterranean basin, acting as a strategic maritime hub connecting the Atlantic and Mediterranean routes. Historically founded by the Moors, its name derives from Arabic.
• Alhambra — A fortified complex of palaces, courtyards, and spectacular gardens located in Granada, Andalusia, southern Spain. Built primarily during the Muslim Nasrid dynasty (13th-14th centuries), it stands as the absolute masterpiece of Moorish art in Europe and is a UNESCO World Heritage site.
• Almeria — A coastal city, seaport, and municipality in southeastern Spain, located within the autonomous community of Andalusia, serving as the capital of the homonymous province. The city is famous in European geography for its hot semi-arid climate, being surrounded by Europe's only true desert (Tabernas Desert), and is historically renowned for its Moorish fortress Alcazaba de Almería and its current role as a major hub in greenhouse-based intensive agriculture.
• Andalusian — Belonging to Andalusia (an autonomous region in southern Spain), relating to this region, its inhabitants, or their specific culture; a person originating from Andalusia. In zoology, the term designates a famous horse breed native to this area (the Andalusian horse or Pure Spanish Horse), known for its elegance, agility, and historical use in classical equestrian art.
• Andalusian — The feminine form of andaluz; a woman originating from Andalusia or belonging to this region. In international gastronomy, the term describes culinary dishes prepared in a specific southern Spanish style, characterized by the use of tomatoes, bell peppers, garlic, and olive oil (such as Andalouse sauce or gazpacho).
• Andalusia — An autonomous community located in southern Spain, being the most populated and the second largest in the country, with its historical and administrative capital in Seville. The region is globally recognized for its fascinating cultural heritage, influenced by centuries of coexistence among Christian, Moorish, and Jewish cultures, being the birthplace of flamenco music and housing monuments of exceptional universal value such as the Alhambra in Granada.
• Andryala agardhii — A species of small perennial herbaceous plant in the genus Andryala, family Asteraceae, endemic to the high-mountain regions of southern Spain (notably the limestone ranges of Andalusia, such as Sierra Nevada). This rare alpine botanical entity is structurally distinguished by forming compact basal rosettes and densely tomentose silvery leaves.
• Avempace — A lowercase spelling variant used in philosophical or historical texts to refer to the school of thought, commentaries, and scientific theories developed by the Andalusian philosopher Avempace; it represents the adaptation of his name as an epistemic common noun to denote a type of mystical rationalism or the physical model of motion that anticipated the modern concept of inertia. Its meaning oscillates between the author's own identity and his conceptual legacy in medieval Islamic and European philosophy.
• Avicebron — The Latinized name of Solomon ibn Gabirol (circa 1021–1058), a famous Jewish poet, theologian, and philosopher from Islamic Andalusia, recognized in the history of medieval culture as a bridge between Oriental Neoplatonism and Western scholasticism. His main work, 'Fons Vitae' (The Source of Life), translated into Latin in the 12th century, exerted a profound influence on Franciscan and Dominican philosophers, promoting the theory of universal hylomorphism, which states that all substances, except God, are composed of matter and form.